Efficient waste management is a critical challenge in maintaining environmental cleanliness. This study designs and develops an automated waste sorting system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) that can be monitored in real-time through a web dashboard. The system utilizes an ESP32 microcontroller, ultrasonic sensors, and servo mechanisms
to identify and sort waste into two categories: organic and inorganic. Sorting data and bin capacity levels are transmitted using the MQTT protocol and stored in a MySQL database. The dashboard interface is built using the Laravel framework to display information on waste quantity, capacity status, and sorting activity reports. Testing results show that the system is capable of performing automatic waste sorting and delivering accurate and responsive monitoring data. by showing the delay in sending data from the ESP32 to the database ranges from 6–49 ms, and the latency from the database to the web dashboard is 40–168 ms, which is still within the real-time tolerance limit. The accuracy test of the sorting system also showed a success rate of 91.6%, indicating the system is able to sort waste into the appropriate categories, as long as the received data detection is accurate.