Pembangunan infrastruktur di Indonesia yang terus berkembang meningkatkan
permintaan terhadap beton pracetak, khususnya spun pile, sebagai elemen struktural yang
menopang beban bangunan. Namun proses produksi spun pile pada perusahaan precast
masih menghadapi berbagai permasalahan cacat produk yang berpotensi menimbulkan
risiko pada setiap tahapan produksi, mulai dari fabrikasi tulangan hingga stockyard,
sehingga dapat menurunkan daya saing perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor risiko pada pekerjaan spun pile serta menganalisis model
hubungan antara aktivitas produksi spun pile dengan daya saing perusahaan precast di
Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan di PT. Waskita Beton Precast Tbk – Plant Subang dengan
pendekatan kuantitatif menggunakan metode Partial Least Squares Structural Equation
Modeling (PLS-SEM) yang diolah menggunakan SmartPLS 4.0.9.9, serta didukung
Focus Group Discussion (FGD) untuk memperkuat interpretasi hasil. Data dikumpulkan
melalui observasi, kuesioner, serta validasi pakar dengan teknik purposive sampling.
Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi 70 faktor risiko yang tersebar pada enam tahapan proses
produksi, yaitu fabrikasi tulangan, assembling, pengecoran, stressing & spinning,
demoulding, dan stockyard. Hasil pengujian PLS-SEM menunjukkan bahwa fabrikasi
tulangan, assembling, pengecoran, stressing & spinning, dan demoulding berpengaruh
positif dan signifikan terhadap daya saing, dengan pengecoran sebagai aktivitas
berpengaruh paling dominan (koefisien jalur 0,347), sedangkan stockyard tidak
berpengaruh signifikan (P-value 0,369 > 0,05). Model penelitian mampu menjelaskan
93,1% variasi daya saing perusahaan (R2 = 0,931) dengan nilai Goodness of Fit sebesar
0,465, yang menunjukkan model memiliki tingkat kesesuaian yang kuat. Penelitian ini
diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar bagi perusahaan precast dalam mengelola risiko produksi
guna meningkatkan daya saing.

The ongoing development of infrastructure in Indonesia has increased demand for
precast concrete, particularly spun pile, a structural element that supports building loads.
However, spun pile production at precast companies still faces various product defect
issues that pose risks at every stage of production, from reinforcement fabrication to the
stockyard, potentially reducing company competitiveness. This study aims to identify the
risk factors involved in spun pile work and to analyze the relationship model between
spun pile production activities and the competitiveness of precast companies in Indonesia.
The research was conducted at PT. Waskita Beton Precast Tbk – Plant Subang using a
quantitative approach with Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS
SEM), processed with SmartPLS 4.0.9.9, and supported by a Focus Group Discussion
(FGD) to strengthen the interpretation of results. Data were collected through
observation, questionnaires, and expert validation using a purposive sampling technique.
The results identified 70 risk factors distributed across six production stages:
reinforcement fabrication, assembling, casting, stressing & spinning, demoulding, and
stockyard. PLS-SEM testing showed that reinforcement fabrication, assembling, casting,
stressing & spinning, and demoulding had a positive and significant effect on
competitiveness, with casting being the most dominant activity (path coefficient of 0.347),
while stockyard had no significant effect (P-value 0.369 > 0.05). The research model was
able to explain 93.1% of the variation in company competitiveness (R2 = 0.931), with a
Goodness of Fit value of 0.465, indicating a strong model fit. This study is expected to
serve as a basis for precast companies in managing production risks to improve
competitiveness.