The growth of settlements in the floodplain area downstream of Bengawan Solo has caused by conversion from agricultural to residential areas so that the growth of the settlements in this area have a high vulnerability to river floods. Mapping of Landsat results was carried out in residential areas affected by river floods and compiled with settlement tracing maps. Overlay results are analyzed by referring to the concept of building distance, building boundaries with rivers, building boundaries with roads. The results obtained are the pattern of adaptation of the settlements to the area that is the place of inundation, the tendency of adaptation based on function orientation, and physical orientation of the settlement pattern of floodplain downstream of the Bengawan Solo river.