Development of Virtual Inertia Control with State-of-Charge Recovery Strategy Using Coordinated Secondary Frequency Control for Optimized Battery Capacity in Isolated Low Inertia Grid

Jufri, Fauzan Hanif and Jung, Jaesung and Sudiarto, Budi and Garniwa Mulyana, Iwa (2023) Development of Virtual Inertia Control with State-of-Charge Recovery Strategy Using Coordinated Secondary Frequency Control for Optimized Battery Capacity in Isolated Low Inertia Grid. Energies, 16 (14): 5463. ISSN 19961073

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Abstract

Integrating renewable energy through inverter-based generators has decreased the power system’s inertia. Reduced inertia may lead to frequency instability during power imbalance disturbances, particularly in an isolated power system with limited inertia. The Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) and a virtual inertia (VI) emulation control system have become popular to mitigate this issue. Nonetheless, the BESS utilization for VI emulation is highly dependent on the availability of BESS capacity, which may affect the energy cost. Therefore, developing a VI emulation control strategy that requires less energy and can recover the state of charge (SoC) to a desired level to optimize BESS utilization is required. This paper proposes a VI control with an SoC recovery strategy through coordination with the generators’ secondary frequency control. Instead of relying on the frequency, such as in the conventional approach, the controlled signal of the generators’ secondary frequency control also includes the VI power and BESS SoC. Hence, the generators can contribute to lowering the VI required energy and recovering the BESS SoC. The results show that the proposed method outperforms the conventional method by requiring around 36% lower energy and the ability to maintain the BESS SoC.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: (This article belongs to the Special Issue Integration Renewable Energy Sources and Electric Vehicles into the Electric Power Grid: Progress, Impact and Challenges)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Virtual Inertia Control; Microgrid; inverter-based generator
Subjects: Bidang Keilmuan > Battery Energy Storage System
Bidang Keilmuan > Electrical Engineering
Bidang Keilmuan > Energy
Bidang Keilmuan > Fuzzy Logic System
Jurnal
Bidang Keilmuan > Microgrid
Bidang Keilmuan > Power Transformer
Bidang Keilmuan > Power generation
Bidang Keilmuan > Renewable Energy
Bidang Keilmuan > Renewable Energy Integration
Bidang Keilmuan > Smart System
Bidang Keilmuan > Teknik Elektro
Divisions: Fakultas Ketenagalistrikan dan Energi Terbarukan > S1 Teknik Elektro
Depositing User: Yudha Formanto
Date Deposited: 29 Jan 2026 04:19
Last Modified: 29 Jan 2026 04:19
URI: https://repository.itpln.ac.id/id/eprint/4911

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