Indonesia, as an archipelagic country, has significant potential for utilizing solar and wind energy, especially for the development of electricity systems in non-interconnected areas. This study aims to analyze the potential implementation of a hibrid power generation system (HPS) based on a combination of Solar Power Plants (PLTS), Wind Power Plants (PLTB), Diesel Power Plants (PLTD), and energy storage systems on Pulau Batu Atas, South Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, which currently only receives electricity supply for 8 hours per day.
The objective of this research is to design a more reliable and sustainable electrical system, analyze the output power characteristics, and evaluate the economic aspects using the Net Present Cost (NPC), Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE), and Payback Period (PP) approaches using HOMER software. Data on solar radiation potential, wind speed potential, load profile, and technical specifications of power generation components were collected and used as inputs for the simulation.
The simulation results show that the hibrid system configuration of PLTS-PLTB-PLTD with battery support can provide electricity for 24 hours at a lower cost compared to conventional PLTD systems. The optimal system consists of 500 kW of PV, 100 kW of wind turbines, 200 kW of generators, 150 battery units, and 250 kW of converters, with renewable energy contributing 62% of the total annual energy production. Implementing this system can save fuel consumption by up to 39%, reduce CO₂ emissions by 39%, and generate the lowest NPC value of RP 37.9 billion with an LCOE of RP 1,943/kWh, more efficient than the pure PLTD system (RP 2,520/kWh).
This study recommends the HPS configuration combining PLTS, PLTB, and PLTD as an economical and environmentally friendly energy transition solution for remote areas in Indonesia, showing the potential to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and improve the quality of life for coastal communities.